antidepressant
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ok, time to sleep, its 2, since no one was here, i will post the answers.
1.
Choice (A) is the correct answer. Beckwith-Widemann syndrome is characterized by macroglossia, macrosomia, omphalocele, hyperglycemia, and hemihypertrophy. It is associated with renal disease and embryonal tumors, including Wilms tumor, hepatoblastoma, neuroblastoma, and rhabdomyosarcoma. Inversions or translocations of maternal chromosome 11 and a duplicate paternal band 11p15.5 are associated with the development of Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome. Treacher-Collins syndrome (Choice B), also known as mandibulofacial dystosis, is an inherited craniofacial dysplasia characterized by down-slanting eyes, micrognathia, hypoplastic zygomatic arches, macrostomia, and malformed ears. Development is otherwise normal, and patients with Treacher-Collins have normal intelligence. Airway issues are problematic, and many patients with Treacher-Collins require a tracheostomy. Conductive hearing loss is also common. Gardner syndrome (Choice C) is an autosomal dominant variant of familial adenomatous polyposis. Garner syndrome is characterized by multiple gastrointestinal polyps, osteomas, and skin and soft tissue tumors, including fibromas, epidermoid cysts, and desmoid tumors. Symptoms begin in the teenage years and often involve painless rectal bleeding. Down syndrome (Choice D) is trisomy 21. Down syndrome is a leading cause of mental retardation and is associated with dysmorphic facial features, some of which include prominent epicanthal folds, up-slanting palpebral fissures, and an open mouth with protruding tongue. Turcot syndrome (Choice E) is the combination of colorectal polyposis and primary brain tumors, including malignant gliomas and medulloblastoma. It is a variant of familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP)
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CSF value of Glucose 50-75 mg/dl,pressure: 70-180 mm H2O,protein: < 40 mg/dl.alpha1 agonist: phynelephrine, methoxamine.Non selective alpha blocker: Phentolamine, phenoxybenzamine. alpha 2 blocker: yohimbine, mirtazapine
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| antidepressant
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2. Choice (A) is the correct answer. Papaverine is an opioid alkaloid that causes direct arterial vasodilation by inhibiting phosphodiesterase and increasing intracellular cAMP levels. The purpose of giving papaverine during an aneurysm clipping is to prevent vasospasm around the aneurysm site. Cerebral vasospasm can result in stroke. In addition, subarachnoid blood in and of itself is irritating to the cerebral vasculature and can cause vasospasm. Patients with subarachnoid hemorrhages are also started on nimodipine, a calcium blocker, to reduce the risk of vasospasm. The other choices are incorrect.
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CSF value of Glucose 50-75 mg/dl,pressure: 70-180 mm H2O,protein: < 40 mg/dl.alpha1 agonist: phynelephrine, methoxamine.Non selective alpha blocker: Phentolamine, phenoxybenzamine. alpha 2 blocker: yohimbine, mirtazapine
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| antidepressant
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3.
Choice (D) is the correct answer. Lichen sclerosus is a chronic skin condition that typically affects the genitals and perianal area and occurs most often in post-menopausal women. Symptoms include vaginal itching, soreness, and pain during sexual intercourse. Lichen sclerosus is associated with characteristic white, shiny, smooth patches on the vulva. The labia become thin and atrophied resulting in bleeding and bruising. Scarring can lead to narrowing of the vagina and pain during sexual intercourse. Lichen sclerosus increases the risk of vulvar carcinoma, in particular squamous cell carcinoma (Choice A). Histologically, lichen sclerosus is characterized by dermal and epidermal atrophy with loss of rete pegs. There is hyperkeratosis and dense fibrosis of the papillary dermis with perivascular inflammatory cells. Lichen sclerosus is treated with corticosteroids. Lichen planus (Choice B) is an inflammatory mucocutaneous condition that is characterized by pruritic, flat-topped, polygonal plaques and papules. Lesions have a white, lace-like, reticular pattern known as Wickham's striae. Lichen planus can be remembered by the 6 P's: pruritic, purple, polygonal, planar, papules, and plaques. Histologically, lichen planus is characterized by hyperkeratosis with irregular thickening of the epidermis that gives a saw-tooth-like appearance. There is a lymphocytic infiltrate at the dermal-epidermal border and apoptotic keratinocytes known as Civatte or colloid bodies can be seen in the basal layer. Lesions often affect the wrists and ankles, and there may be oral mucosal involvement. Lichen planus is associated with hepatitis C and a number of medications. Lichen simplex chronicus (Choice C), also known as neurodermatitis, results in lichenification of the skin secondary to constant itching and scratching. Commonly affected areas include the neck, wrists, ankles, forearms, and genitals. Repetitive itching and scratching results in a well-demarcated, rough, leathery area of skin with deep skin creases. There may be thick, scaly plaques and small red papules. Histologically, lichen simplex chronicus is characterized by hyperkeratosis, acanthosis and elongation of rete pegs. The dermal papillae are broad and elongated, and there are inflammatory cells in the fibrosed dermis. Condyloma acuminata (Choice E), also known as venereal warts, is caused by human papilloma viruses. Venereal warts range in size from small papules to large cauliflower-like masses. Histologically, venereal warts are characterized by a thickened epidermis known as acanthosis, a thickened keratin layer known as hyperkeratosis, and koilocytes, which are keratinocytes with raisin-like nuclei surrounded by a halo. Atrophic vaginitis (Choice F) occurs in post-menopausal women as a result of decreased estrogen levels. The vaginal wall becomes thin and inflamed. Symptoms include vaginal dryness, itching, burning, and decreased lubrication. Sexual intercourse may be very painful. Atrophic vaginitis is treated with estrogen creams.
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CSF value of Glucose 50-75 mg/dl,pressure: 70-180 mm H2O,protein: < 40 mg/dl.alpha1 agonist: phynelephrine, methoxamine.Non selective alpha blocker: Phentolamine, phenoxybenzamine. alpha 2 blocker: yohimbine, mirtazapine
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| keepgoing
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MY my i missed so many qns here,cool AD proud of u  keep it going this way.u doing grrreat 
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One important key to success is self-confidence. An important key to self-confidence is preparation”.Dear God!be my mentor all through"
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| keepgoing
hibernating...
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AD,i read ur post regarding nbme scores,u true,u know u never know what u can achieve until u set higher goals. hope u got my point.mwaah! u r doing really great hard work.
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One important key to success is self-confidence. An important key to self-confidence is preparation”.Dear God!be my mentor all through"
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| doctor123
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Some more Qs AD without bothering about us if its regarding cut paste. I tried your URL paste suggesion it worked. Phew remebering all the syndromes above.
DR.123
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ALLAH; guide me to the Path of Success.
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| antidepressant
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thanks KG, yes, you are right, target should be higher. doc, i will do that, if anytime i find anything interesting. thanks for dropping by.
Today, i wasted time a lot, then came into senses at 3.30. did one block of questions, only solved 10, then after dinner, just now back. right now temperature is 40, it will go down at freezing in few hours. Make good use of your time guys, catch up with you later.
some old stuff, just for reveiw:
Conversion disorder is defined by one or more symptoms affecting voluntary motor or sensory function suggesting a neurologic condition. It is precipitated by psychological stressors.
Adjustment disorder is defined by emotional or behavioral symptoms in response to identifiable stressors occurring within 3 months of the onset of stressor. It is characterized by marked distress or impairment. The symptoms include depressive symptoms and/or anxiety, and disturbance of conduct.
Schizotypal personality disorder is characterized by eccentricities of behavior, odd beliefs or magical thinking, and difficulties with social and interpersonal relationships.
Schizophreniform disorder is characterized by schizophrenia-like symptoms, but the duration of symptoms is less than six months (but more than one month). Fully developed psychotic symptoms are typical.
In schizoaffective disorder alterations in mood are present during a substantial portion of the illness.
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CSF value of Glucose 50-75 mg/dl,pressure: 70-180 mm H2O,protein: < 40 mg/dl.alpha1 agonist: phynelephrine, methoxamine.Non selective alpha blocker: Phentolamine, phenoxybenzamine. alpha 2 blocker: yohimbine, mirtazapine
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| Karime
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Hello Girl....
Nice to see you around
Hope studies are doing great.....I need to speed up too!!!!!
Keep moving,.......need to finish pharma cardio today.......Are you doing kaplan bank or UW? how many NBME have you done?
Take care 
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| Melu
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Ad, you are doing great esp., since you know the right mantra for thr right situations!
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"The best preparation for good work tomorrow is good work today."- Elbert Hubbard
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| drsaima
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Hey Ad
How r ya?
Keep up the good work.
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Keep your promise! Trust in God! Dont wast time! FOCUS!!
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| antidepressant
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Thank you Karime, melu and Saima. Saima, I am fine, how is your studies going?
Today, went to dentist, at 11, just after waking up, rush, rush. it was a painful visit, because i didnt visit ever since i moved here, and i had problem in one side. anyway, after coming home, i did some cleaning, then did one block of questions. need to reveiw that, also need to reveiw the ones i did last night. and so much to study.
oh, karime, i am not doing uw, qbank, i have one dl version, i am doing sometime from that, but not every day. I bought a new question bank called "smashstep1", it has 904 questions. So, i am trying to do 50 questions from there every day. Sometime, i am picking up the topics from wrong questions, instead of targetting Goljan or any specific topic or FA( but i need to do those too).
Happy studying everyone, going back to books.
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CSF value of Glucose 50-75 mg/dl,pressure: 70-180 mm H2O,protein: < 40 mg/dl.alpha1 agonist: phynelephrine, methoxamine.Non selective alpha blocker: Phentolamine, phenoxybenzamine. alpha 2 blocker: yohimbine, mirtazapine
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| Karime
Selfcontrol/HelpmeGod
Topics: 19
Posts: 1,466
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Ok.... never stop, just keep moving girl....Me too....need to do goljan and FA
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| keepgoing
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Hii AD,cool new qbank my my ,u are fast and great buddy.liked that keep going.had wonderful diwali,thanks for wishes at my journal.step 1 date finalised?i can see u all set to go now  give us feedback how was smashstep1 bank,i'm sure whichever qbank is ,we surely learn something always .keep at it
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One important key to success is self-confidence. An important key to self-confidence is preparation”.Dear God!be my mentor all through"
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| Melu
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Hey Ad,very nice of you to post the Q&As.Beleive me I am benefiting the most of it! I am reading your answers from my husband's office comp.My kids are here for the hallowen party and I am getting to study while they are taking a tour trick or treating!
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"The best preparation for good work tomorrow is good work today."- Elbert Hubbard
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| antidepressant
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karime, you will be gone for a week , but whichever works for you best,do it. For me, if i dont report, there is more chance of falling behind.
Thanks KG, date? not taken, preparing for nbme, but it was slow for last few days. need to see you all here, which will inspire me more to work.
Hi Melu, thanks, i am glad it helped u, even a bit, trying to study in chaos, very nice! keep up the good work!
Today, I did one block, and then reveiwed half of it, now back to studies, i could study more today, wasted time, it was a lazy day, i regret, i have to do something to save myself from laziness. Have to stay focused! i have to learn from my mistakes, this smashstep is big on alport, gardner, turcot, sipples( MEN IIA), wermer (MEN I), they like syndromes.
I have to remember the probabilities of carier and, affected, normal child in genetic diseases(AD, AR, X-linked) have been avoiding this . going back to studies, hope to make GOOD use of time.
Happy studying everyone.
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CSF value of Glucose 50-75 mg/dl,pressure: 70-180 mm H2O,protein: < 40 mg/dl.alpha1 agonist: phynelephrine, methoxamine.Non selective alpha blocker: Phentolamine, phenoxybenzamine. alpha 2 blocker: yohimbine, mirtazapine
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| antidepressant
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Ok, I am having some serious ADHD. I wasted today, whole day time. Started to study from 9 pm though, finished 30 questions solving from previous day, didnt do a single question. I will post some, and then take a break, then I will have 2 hours left, God please help me stay focused. msnbc news is my gretest distraction now
1. Which drug is metabolized by pseudocholinesterase?
a.Atracurium
b. Mivacurium
c. pancouronium
d.vecuronium
e. rapacuronium.
2. A 25-year-old male is very agitated and hyperactive. He is sweating profusely and drooling at the mouth. He thinks the moon is talking to him. Lately, he has been avoiding drinking liquids, because it causes his throat muscles to spasm. From the list below, how was this condition most likely contracted?
a. Mosquito bite
b. Tick bite
c. Exposure to feces of a pet turtle
d. Puncture wound from a rusty nail
e. Bat bite
Note: Hereditary angioedema is an autosomal dominant disorder that is characterized by recurrent bouts of cutaneous edema of the face, hands, feet, abdomen, tongue, or larynx. Patients can develop respiratory distress as a result of laryngeal edema. Hereditary angioedema is caused by a deficiency of C1 esterase inhibitor.
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CSF value of Glucose 50-75 mg/dl,pressure: 70-180 mm H2O,protein: < 40 mg/dl.alpha1 agonist: phynelephrine, methoxamine.Non selective alpha blocker: Phentolamine, phenoxybenzamine. alpha 2 blocker: yohimbine, mirtazapine
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| antidepressant
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1. b, is the right answer,mivacurium. a is by hoffman degradation (dont know what is that), c,d,e mostly through bile.
2. Choice (E) is the correct answer. Rabies is caused by a rhabdovirus, which are single-stranded RNA viruses with negative polarity, a non-segmented genome, and a helical nucleocapsid. Animals, including raccoons, dogs, skunks, and bats, transmit the virus through infected saliva. Infection usually takes several months to develop. Initially, rabies virus binds to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors at the neuromuscular junction and infects myocytes. Neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) also seems to play a role in viral binding. Rabies replicates in myocytes then enters the central nervous system via retrograde transport through unmyelinated sensory and motor nerves. Once the virus reaches the central nervous system, paresthesias at the bite wound site may occur. There is typically a prodromal syndrome followed by neurological symptoms including delirium, agitation, hallucinations, confusion, partial paralysis, and hyperactivity. Increased sweating and salivation may also occur. Classically, rabies is associated with foaming at the mouth and an intense fear of water. Drinking water or other liquids results in spasm of the throat muscles. Rabies is invariably fatal. The pathological hallmark of rabies infection is round eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusion bodies known as Negri bodies. Negri bodies, which are viral particles awaiting assembly, are typically found in the hippocampal pyramidal cells and cerebellar Purkinje cells.
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CSF value of Glucose 50-75 mg/dl,pressure: 70-180 mm H2O,protein: < 40 mg/dl.alpha1 agonist: phynelephrine, methoxamine.Non selective alpha blocker: Phentolamine, phenoxybenzamine. alpha 2 blocker: yohimbine, mirtazapine
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| antidepressant
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Topics: 40
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I did one block of smashstep1,GOT 60% . When am I going to get 75%
ok, no regret, have to improve my weak areas, and i have to study PAPI, avoiding papi is bad. OK, after lunch, shower, prayer, will solve the questions I did. Today, i will make sure until 6, i study, no browsing, no tv.
STUDY, STUDY, STUDY! see you all, later, happy studying.
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CSF value of Glucose 50-75 mg/dl,pressure: 70-180 mm H2O,protein: < 40 mg/dl.alpha1 agonist: phynelephrine, methoxamine.Non selective alpha blocker: Phentolamine, phenoxybenzamine. alpha 2 blocker: yohimbine, mirtazapine
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| doctor123
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Hai antidepressant
Working Hard and hard and sweating.I really liked the qs you posted above as it sharpens one memory. I hate when i make mistake solving Qs like Last one you posted related to diagnosis. A simple question but diagnose / interpretation of Qs.
DR.123
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ALLAH; guide me to the Path of Success.
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| dowjunk
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like the Qs dude! infact ur whole diary, very fmuch full of usmle juice
Good luck!
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Grad of 2007. Work in progress.......
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