DrVirgo
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-Alcohol consumption and cigarette smoking both contribute causally to the occurance of esophageal cancer. These risk factors are not independent; in face, they operate synergistacally. A study of cigarette smoking in relation to esophageal cancer that fails to stratify or otherwise control for level of alcohol consumption would be guilty of which of the following threats to validity?
A. Ascertainment bias
B. Confounding bias
C. Design bias
D. Lead time bias
E. Observer bias
F. Recall bias
G. Response bias
H. Selection bias
Please answer and EXPLAIN WHY... Thanks.
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| sprint123
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I think it is Confounding bias since alcohol is a potential confounder before defining a significant relationship between cigarette smoking and esophageal cancer!
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| robin082006
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B
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| DrVirgo
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Right.
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| cirus
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let me put it this way & plz tell me if i'm right..
2 factors that will have the same effect ( so u can't tell which one is the risk factor) is a confouder bias..
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| DrVirgo
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well, as I understand it now, the confounder is something that is linked to the exposure which we are studying that may lead to a certain disease.
For example if we want to see if alcohol leads to cancer, alcohol is the exposure we are studying. But since people who drink alcohol also smoke, smoking is a confounder. So if there is an increase risk of cancer in alcoholics, we wonder: was it the alcohol (exposure being studied) or was it the smoking (confounder) which caused cancer in the study group?
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| gr8doc
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B
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