paganini wrote:
A new drug is found to have dual actions: It blocks sodium entry pathways in the proximal tubule epithelium, and it binds to ADH receptors in the collecting ducts and mimics the actions of ADH.
1. Will the final urine contain excess or low amounts of sodium and excess or low amounts of water, and will it be hyperosmotic, iso-osmotic, or hypo-osmotic?
Excess amount of Sodium and Excess Amount of Water. Urine will be Hypo-osmotic cos the Na regulates absorbtion of Glucose as well not if ur glucose is not being Absrobed them Increased Water concerntration due to Osmotic Diuresis. I Think.
paganini wrote:
2. Another new drug also has dual actions, this time blocking sodium entry pathways in the thick ascending limb and exerting ADH-like actions as in the previous question. Now will the final urine contain excess or low amounts of sodium and excess or low amounts of water, and will it be hyperosmotic, iso-osmotic, or hypo-osmotic?
Now the Kidney will have Lost the Ability to Concerntrate Urine. Its like a Thiazide with ADH effects. Excess amounts of Na than Normal and Excess amout of Water and the Urine will be definitely Hypotonic.
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| paganini
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I like these questions (experimental). It would take time to explain so I chose it as last one.
1-There will be excess sodium. We cannot be sure of the net effect on water because there are opposing influences: the excess sodium leading to increased water excretion and the ADH-like effect leading to decreased water excretion. The osmolality, for sure, will be hyperosmotic. (Excess Na+, remember? you said it...) What happened New_n_lost you were going well until this  .
2. There will be excess sodium, excess water, and an iso-osmotic urine. Blocking sodium reabsorption in the thick ascending limb is what "loop diuretics" do. Not only do they lead to excess sodium and water in the urine, but they prevent the kidneys from generating a medullary osmotic gradient. Even with the ADH-like actions of the drug, the urine cannot become more concentrated than the now iso-osmotic medullary interstitium.(Again new_n_lost, problems with the osmolality  ). And thiazides act on distal tubule!, they do not affect countercurrent mechanism. Need to review this...
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| new_n_lost
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Well u wont believe it that i made the stupidest mistake ever that i took the medication as the ADH inbhiting action and went off in that direction. My Bad i hope i dont do this in the exm damn i missed htat question by a mile. Well its a soprry excuse cos whts in ur mind doesnt mean anything if on paper u say something else. Thanks man it was a damn good review.
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| drduck
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drug 1.......excess loss of sodium.
.......excess loss of water,
but loss of water exceed the loss of sodium.....
result.......urine is hyperosmolar
drug 2........exces loss of sodium....more than drug 1
........excess loss of water.....more than that with drug 1
loss of sodium more than what was lost with drug 1
result.........hyperosmolar urine
plz explain the action of drug 2 ........paganini
cudnt get???
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