drduck
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A 3 yr old boy presents with 1 day history of loose stools, fever, abdominal cramping, headache, and myalgia. he has no blood in the stool. a care ful history reveals that he has several pet turtles. likely pathogen is.......
chlamydia psittaci
entamoeba histolytica
salmonella spp
staphylococcus aureus
yersinia enterocolitica
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| new_n_lost
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salmonella spp
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| jean robert
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Salmonella spp
Other reptiles besides turtles, including lizards and snakes, can also carry Salmonella, as can amphibians, such as frogs, toads, newts, and salamanders. Children under age five, and children with immune system problems, are most at risk for Salmonella infections
Children usually get Salmonella from uncooked or undercooked chicken, eggs, and, recently, from contaminated peanut butter.
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| unique1
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| SmokyWaters
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turtles...salmonella :P
parrots...C. psittaci
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| SmokyWaters
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similar features with yersinia enterocolitica but its nto from turtues....transimitted by dogs cats cattle excreta 
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| suaveman
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I kind of disagree with Salmonella because I believe Salmonella causes blood in the stool and this patient has none.
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| SILVER
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Salmonella
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| suaveman
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If we think this kid has diarrhea, the following causes bloody diarrhea (Salmonella, Yersinia enterocolitica, Entamoeaba histolytica. Where staph aureus occurs quickly (about 10hrs incubation) and goes away quickly. u can get headache (due to septicemia), fever (infection), myalgia (endocarditis) so it could be possible that the boy acquired this staph from the tortoise.
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| drhouse
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yup. only salmonella is transmitted through turtles
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| GoodGirl
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Yupi, that is why I don't get to my 3 years old any pet . Cute little turtles,and you see what you get. The whole microbiology just makes me paranoid.  
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| bactitech
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Having personally experienced both Shigella and Salmonella infections, I can assure you that Shigella produces bloody stools with mucus, while Salmonella produces diarrhea and no blood that I noticed. The Salmonella organisms produce H2S and I noticed a smell of burnt sulfur matchsticks. This is obviously not a scientific study but a personal observation.
I got both of these organisms from working up cultures; Shigella flexneri (group B) in 1981 and Salmonella group B in 2004. Of my two illnesses, the Shigella was far more virulent and I lost 15 lbs. in two weeks and was unable to eat much of anything except Ramen noodles and crackers, along with 7-up and stuff like that. It presented two days after I was exposed to a patient's culture and I had a temperature of 104 and felt very very sick.
I just felt really lousy with the Salmonella and had a low grade temperature that hung on for about a week, then went away. However, of the two organisms, Salmonella can be invasive into the blood stream, whereas Shigella does not usually cause sepsis. With Salmonella, it all depends on the strain of the organism. I have seen Salmonella in a sputum culture and a shoulder fluid during the 32 years I've been in microbiology, along with many stool cultures and a few blood cultures. I've never seen Shigella anywhere but in a stool specimen.
I probably picked up the infections while serogrouping the organism, as you need a heavy turbidity of organism in saline to mix with the typing serum. Needless to say, I am being very much more careful nowadays.
I've known one other tech who contracted S. flexneri; she was also sick for about two weeks. Two other techs got Shigella sonnei, and they were sick for about four days. The inoculum size for Shigella is extremely small - about 10-100 rods, which are present in a minute speck of broth and easily picked up. I do not know the size of the inoculum for Salmonella.
You are wise not to get your kids pet turtles. They are known to carry Salmonella as normal flora. We do cultures for our local zoo. When they have to transport reptiles they send over a culture. If the reptile is positive, they have to transport in a different way than if the reptile is negative, so this is a common occurrence with this type of animal.
Petting zoos are not the most safe place either - I have seen some of the cultures from the barnyard animals at our local petting zoo - 'nuf said.
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