new_n_lost
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Ek Dum Halwa ( Wish They Ask Qs Like These)
Which of the Following will increase the Cardiac Output?
A) Beta Blocker Rx
B) Aortic Stenosis
C) Cardiac Glycoside Rx
D) Dec. Intracellular Calcium Conc.
E) Inc. Extracelluar Sodium Conc.
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| Luckyall
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beta bloc--> decr CO
Card. Glycosides----> incr contactility
decr intracell Ca conc--> decr contract
incr extracell Na conc---> i guess increases the Na gradient
B) Ao stenosis---> incr. afterload---> decr CO----> barorec reflex---> incr S ---> incrCO
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| monam84
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(c) I would say cardiac glycosides because they increase contractility by increasing intracellular calcium, and as a result increase stroke volume and thus cadiac outpu
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| Luckyall
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 i am laughing at my own answer... no is not Ao S for sure  )
could be C)Glycosides Rx through incr contract.
or E) an increase in extracell. NA conc since this would decrease TPR and rotate VR curve clockwise therefore incr CO through a decr in the afterload
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| new_n_lost
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Guys Cmon this is the most easiest question ever dont confuse it up give a straight answer n one answer.
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FORUM RULES-- Those who believe in telekinesis, raise my hand. I get enough exercise just by pushing my luck --P4U World.." The pure and simple truth is rarely pure and never simple."
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| Luckyall
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regarding choise E) there is no way whatsoever that a pt with HyperNa-mia would have incr CO, b c MCC of HyperNa-emia is NOT an excess of Na but a relative deficit of free water in the body... i guess im happy now, i excluded each and every other option since Glycosides , option C seemed " too easy "  so yeah, thas what happens when overthinking
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| keepgoing
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c. b/c positive inotropic drug --> Increase contractility---> increase CO
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| new_n_lost
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The Correct Answer is C.
Cardiac glycosides inhibit the Na/K ATPase transport system to increase intracellular sodium concerntration, which then increases intracellular calcium concerntration via the soudim -calcium exchange carrier mechanism. This increased calcium level augments the calcium released to the myofilaments during excitation, resulting in a positive inotropic effect. Increased contractility of the heart directly increases cardiac output.
Choice A. Beta-Blockers inhibit cardiac activation by action on catecholamines and would not increase cardiac output.
Choice B . Aortic Stenosis would increase the afterload necessary toi eject blood from the left ventricle. The result would be decreased cardiac output without compensation.
Choice D. A decreased intracellular calcium concerntration would decrease the contractiltiy of the heart, resulting in decreased cardiac output.
Choice E. Increased extracellular sodium concerntration would not increase cardiac output because the sodium-calcium exchange carrier mechanism would not lead to increased calcium concerntration intracellularly.
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FORUM RULES-- Those who believe in telekinesis, raise my hand. I get enough exercise just by pushing my luck --P4U World.." The pure and simple truth is rarely pure and never simple."
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