study_ing
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joint fluid analysis.
<2000---non-inflammatory
5k-50k--->inflammatory
>50k---> septic picture more likely
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| sheeezooo
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nice thread..will work on it too..
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| just do it
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Pleural Fluid Analysis
Pleural effusion ( E) & Serum (S)
LDH (E)--- <200
LDH (E/S)---<0.6
PROTEIN (E/S)---<0.5
If all 3 criteria r fulfilled---it is Transudative Effusion.
Even, if 1 criterion is not met---Exudative Effusion.
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| DrVirgo
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I thought this was important to know... From UW...
Liver Function Tests:
Lab tests used to evaluate liver dis is clasified into two claases:
A-Tests to asses the function of liver which includes
1-PT,
2-Albumin,
3-Cholesterol,
4-Billirubin.
B-Tests that assess structural integrity and cellular damage,
1-Transaminases, (AST and ALT)
2-Gamma glutamyl transferase,
3-Alkaline phosphatase.
PT is considered the most important tst to asses function of liver, since liver makes all clotting factors (except VIII).
TransAminases (when elevated) are indictive of liver cell damages since this intracellular enzyme leaks out of damaged cells.
-A marked increase in TA is an indication of an ongoing tissue destruction.
-A progressive decrease in TA could mean either recovery from liver injury or that there is little tissue is left (as in Fullminant hepatitis), so this interpretation is dependant on functional test like PT.
-If PT is OK, then TA decrease means recovery,
-If PT is increased, TA decrease means fulminant hepatitis.
Edited by DrVirgo on 08/15/07 - 10:38 AM
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| kpmle2
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thanks a lot DR V. Its very helpful to know this.
Can you tell me more regarding Alkaline phosphatase.
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| DrVirgo
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Increases Alk Phos indicates OBSTRUCTION...
It would be increased in.........tell me!
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| elitoki
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Alk Phosphatase will increase:
biliary duct obstruction = calculus (choledocolithiasis) , or cancer (pancreatic cancer)
also reflect osteoclast activities = osteolytic diseases (osteoporosis, paget disease of bone, etc)
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| DrVirgo
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Yes, Alk Phos will be increased in any form of biliary obstruction... as you mentioned.
It is also increased in:
-Primary Biliary Cirrhosis
-Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis
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| kpmle2
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thanks a lot Dr V and elitoki.
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| DrVirgo
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Guillian Barre Syndrome:
CSF will show Albumino-Cytologic Dissociation: Increased Protein, Normal Cell Count
Best way to monitor resp function: Vital Capacity.
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| DrVirgo
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Disproportionate INCREASE in Creatinine compared to increase in BUN
+
Dipstick positive for Blood but NO RBC in Urine
= RHABDOMYOLYSIS
INCREASE in BUN + Normal Creatinine =
1. GI Bleed: bacteria break down Hb and urea is absorbed (e.g. in Alcoholic gastritis)
2. Administration of Steroids
Edited by DrVirgo on 10/02/07 - 08:54 AM
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| DrVirgo
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According to UW:
Calcium Stones:
Hypercalciuria:
24 hour urine excretion:
>300mg in Males
>250mg in Females
OR >4mg/kg in Males and Females
IN CRF
-Protein restriction and ACE-Is IMPROVE prognosis
BUT when Creatinine >3-3.5 mg/dL, ACE-Is WORSEN PROGNOSIS
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| DrVirgo
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Alcoholic Liver Disease
AST and ALT < 500
AST/ALT > 2
Injury to Liver from Drugs
AST and ALT > 500
*Note in Viral Hep: ALT increases more than AST
and in Alcoholic Hep: AST increases more than ALT
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| xak235
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just to add a few...
CAUSES OF EOSINOPHILURIA (+ve HANSEL STAIN)
1. Acute Interstial Nephritis
2. Polyarteritis Nodosa (PAN)
3. Coronary Artery Disease
CAUSES OF EOSINOPHILIA Mnemonic => N-CA(3)P
N-eoplasms
C-ollagen Vascular Disease
A-sthma
A-llergy
A-ddison's Disease
P-arasitic Infection
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