drpkaur
Forum Guru
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which one of the following is the most important source of blood glucose during the last hours of a 48 hour fast???
1.muscle glycogen
2.acetoacetate
3.liver glycogen
4.aminoacids
5.lactate
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| drpkaur
Forum Guru
Topics: 195
Posts: 808
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plz with explanation..
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| Musuq
Forum Guru
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4) ?
The Physiological Changes of Fasting
Many of the most dramatic changes that occur in the body during fasting take place on the first three days of the fast. These occur as the body switches from one fuel source to another. Normally, the primary form of energy the body uses for energy is glucose, most of this is extracted or converted from the food we eat.
Throughout the day, the liver stores excess sugar in as glycogen that it can call on as energy levels fall between meals. There is enough of this sugar source for 8-12 hours of energy and usually, it is completely exhausted within the first 24 hours of fasting. (However, once the body shifts over to ketosis or fat as fuel, this new fuel is used to also restore the body's glycogen reserves.)
Once the liver's stores of glycogen are gone, the body begins to shift over to ketosis or ketone production - the use of fatty acids as fuel instead of glucose. This shift generally begins on the 2nd day of fasting and completed by the 3rd. In this interim period there is no glucose available and energy from fat conversion is insufficient but the body still needs fuel. So it accesses glucose from two sources. It first converts glycerol, available in the body's fat stores, to glucose but this is still insufficient. So it makes the rest that it needs from catabolizing, or breaking down, the amino acids in muscle tissue, using them in the liver for gluconeogenesis, or the making of glucose.
Between 60 and 84 grams of protein are used on this second day, 2-3 ounces of muscle tissue.
By the 3rd day ketone production is sufficient to provide nearly all the energy the body needs and the body's protein begins to be strongly conserved. The body still needs a tiny amount of glucose for some functions, however, so a very small amount of protein, 18-24 grams, is still catabolized to supply it - from 1/2 to 1 ounce of muscle tissue per day.
Over a 30 day fast a person generally loses a maximum of 1-2 pounds of muscle mass. This conservation of the body's protein is an evolutionary development that exists to protect muscle tissue and vital organs from damage during periods of insufficient food availability.
From the third day onward the rate of the breakdown of fatty acids from adipose or fat tissue continues to increase, hitting its peak on the tenth day. This seven day period, after the body has shifted completely over to ketosis, is where the maximum breakdown of fat tissue occurs.
As part of protein conservation, the body also begins seeking out all non-body-protein sources of fuel: nonessential cellular masses such as fibroid tumors and degenerative tissues, bacteria, viruses, or any other compounds in the body that can be used for fuel. This is part of the reason that fasting produces the kind of health effects it does. Also, during this period of heightened ketosis the body is in a similar state as the one that occurs during sleep - a rest and detoxification cycle. It begins to focus on the removal of toxins from the body and the healing and regeneration of damaged tissues and organs.
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| Korotkoff
Forum Senior
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I'll go for 2.
The amino acids will probably come after 48 hrs.
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| plastic_girl
Forum Elite
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I would go with 4.
According to Kaplan biochem, first 12 hours glucose derived from glycogenolysis, after 24 hours gluconeogenesis and about 1 weeks time ketogenolysis.
So amino acids for gluconeogenesis.
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| muzammil
Forum Guru
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i wud go for amino acids due to same reason as indicated by palstic girl
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