new_n_lost
Politically InCorrect
Topics: 653
Posts: 6,086
| | 03/21/07 - 04:16 AM
| #1151 |
6. The indirect Coombs' test (anti-immunoglobulin test) typically uses:
A) Patient's red cells to determine whether they will bind IgG
B) patient's red cells to determine whether they will bind all immunoglobulins
C) patient's serum to determine whether it forms a precipitate with donor plasma
D) patient's serum to determine whether it contains antibodies that bind to a variety of reagent red cells
E) patient's serum to determine whether it contains antibodies that bind to the patient's red cells
D The indirect Coombs test is generally used to detect the presence in a patient's serum of antibodies that react with antigens expressed on red blood cells
___________________
FORUM RULES-- Those who believe in telekinesis, raise my hand. I get enough exercise just by pushing my luck --P4U World.." The pure and simple truth is rarely pure and never simple."
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| aim99
Forum Newbie
Topics: 1
Posts: 156
| | 03/21/07 - 04:14 PM
| #1152 |
nnl: thanks for all the wonderful Qs u keep posting. What is the source of all these Qs if i may ask? when r u planning to take ur exam? u seem quite ready for it. how many readings r u done with? you are no longer "New and Lost" - that's for sure!!!
___________________
Even luck is choosy........it chooses the hard working people!
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| new_n_lost
Politically InCorrect
Topics: 653
Posts: 6,086
| | 03/21/07 - 04:19 PM
| #1153 |
Buddy these Qs of Immunology n Genetics i have had from a Old Book for FCPS a home country Residency Exam i m only quoting the relevant questions only. I m still on my 2nd read but more on focusing on CONCEPTS they r my only defense in the case of a Extremely weird paper. Trust me i still feel New n Lost while Studying.
___________________
FORUM RULES-- Those who believe in telekinesis, raise my hand. I get enough exercise just by pushing my luck --P4U World.." The pure and simple truth is rarely pure and never simple."
|
| new_n_lost
Politically InCorrect
Topics: 653
Posts: 6,086
| | 03/21/07 - 04:20 PM
| #1154 |
i m still Scheduling for 15-15 th Apr but in case io dont get good score on NBME then i will extend it.
___________________
FORUM RULES-- Those who believe in telekinesis, raise my hand. I get enough exercise just by pushing my luck --P4U World.." The pure and simple truth is rarely pure and never simple."
|
| aim99
Forum Newbie
Topics: 1
Posts: 156
| | 03/21/07 - 05:16 PM
| #1155 |
thanks for such a quick response! i wish u ALL THE BEST for your exam. I'm certain u'll come out with flying colors. U r in my prayers.
___________________
Even luck is choosy........it chooses the hard working people!
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| mytime
Kick my butt!
Topics: 39
Posts: 3,173
| | 03/21/07 - 05:58 PM
| #1156 |
HEY when did u post these qs..a nd answers too! Anyway.........i guess i let my hubs use thepc more than me...so missed them. HMMM will go through them now.
i thot u told me u had these qs on ur pc..........well whatever!!!!!!!!!! Qs are qs. 
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| new_n_lost
Politically InCorrect
Topics: 653
Posts: 6,086
| | 03/21/07 - 06:01 PM
| #1157 |
Buddy Patho ones arent from the Book .
___________________
FORUM RULES-- Those who believe in telekinesis, raise my hand. I get enough exercise just by pushing my luck --P4U World.." The pure and simple truth is rarely pure and never simple."
|
| new_n_lost
Politically InCorrect
Topics: 653
Posts: 6,086
| | 03/21/07 - 08:14 PM
| #1158 |
1. A six yr old male child has been on chemotherapy for Acute lyphoblastic leukemia.However,due to poor response,he is planned for bone marrow transplantation.Which of the following antigenic similarity is very mandatory?
a)Minor blood group factor
b)ABO antigen
c)MHC II
d)MHC I
e)collagen
Plz Explain ur Answers
2. Transplant rejection may involve
A) cell-mediated immunity.
B) type III (immune complex) hypersensitivity.
C) complement-dependent cytotoxicity.
D) the release of IFN-g.
E) All of the statements are correct
3. A 2-year-old child has had three episodes of pneumonia and two episodes of otitis media. All the infections were demonstrated to be pneumococcal. Which of the following disorders is most likely to be the cause?
A) An isolated transient T-cell deficiency
B) A combined T- and B-cell deficiency
C) A B-cell deficiency
D) Transient anemia
E) The child has AIDS.
4. A healthy woman gave birth to a baby. The newborn infant was found to be HIV-seropositive. This finding is most likely the result of
A) The virus being transferred across the placenta to the baby.
B) The baby is making anti-HIV antibodies.
C) The baby's erythrocyte antigens cross-reacting with the virus.
D) The mother's erythrocyte antigens cross-reacting with the virus.
E) Maternal HIV-specific IgG being transferred across the placenta to the baby.
5. A 50-year-old worker at an atomic plant who previously had a sample of his own bone marrow cryopreserved was accidentally exposed to a minimal lethal dose of radiation. He was subsequently transplanted with his own bone marrow. This individual can expect
A) to have recurrent bacterial infections.
B) to have serious fungal infections due to deficiency in cell-mediated immunity.
C) to make antibody responses to thymus-independent antigens only.
D) All of the above.
E) None of the above.
6. Which of the following statements regarding GVH disease is incorrect?
A) GVH can result from MHC differences between donor and recipient.
B) GVH requires immunocompetent donor cells.
C) GVH may result from infusion of blood products that contain viable lymphocytes into an immunologically incompetent recipient.
D) GVH requires natural killer cells.
E) GVH may occur in an immunosuppressed individual.
7. Which of the following immune deficiency disorders is associated exclusively with an abnormality of the humoral immune response?
A) X-linked agammaglobulinemia (Bruton's agammaglobulinemia)
B) DiGeorge syndrome
C) Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
D) chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis
E) ataxia telangiectasia
8. An 8-month-old baby has a history of repeated gram-positive bacterial infections. The most probable cause for this condition is that
A) the mother did not confer sufficient immunity on the baby in utero.
B) the baby suffers from erythroblastosis fetalis (hemolytic disease of the newborn).
C) the baby has a defect in the alternative complement pathway.
D) the baby is allergic to the mother's milk.
E) None of the above.
9. Patients with DiGeorge syndrome may fail to produce IgG in response to immunization with T-dependent antigens because
A) They have a decreased number of B cells that produce IgG.
B) They have increased numbers of suppressor T cells.
C) They have a decreased number of helper T cells.
D) They have abnormal antigen-presenting cells.
E) They cannot produce IgM during primary responses.
10. A 9-month-old baby was vaccinated against smallpox with attenuated smallpox virus. He developed a progressive necrotic lesion of the skin, muscles, and subcutaneous tissue at the site of inoculation. The vaccination reaction probably resulted from
A) B-lymphocyte deficiency.
B) reaction to the adjuvant.
C) complement deficiency.
D) T-cell deficiency.
E) B- and T-lymphocyte deficiency.
___________________
FORUM RULES-- Those who believe in telekinesis, raise my hand. I get enough exercise just by pushing my luck --P4U World.." The pure and simple truth is rarely pure and never simple."
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| indidoc1
Forum Guru
Topics: 50
Posts: 978
| | 03/22/07 - 01:28 AM
| #1159 |
This time, i m sure i hv done these before  So, i m not gonna try to cram these..
___________________
"Whether you think you can or whether you think you can't, you're right!" ~ Henry Ford
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| new_n_lost
Politically InCorrect
Topics: 653
Posts: 6,086
| | 03/22/07 - 02:19 AM
| #1160 |
U havent done the LAST one Buddy its the NEW ONE in both Places
___________________
FORUM RULES-- Those who believe in telekinesis, raise my hand. I get enough exercise just by pushing my luck --P4U World.." The pure and simple truth is rarely pure and never simple."
|
| new_n_lost
Politically InCorrect
Topics: 653
Posts: 6,086
| | 03/24/07 - 04:15 PM
| #1161 |
1. A six yr old male child has been on chemotherapy for Acute lyphoblastic leukemia.However,due to poor response,he is planned for bone marrow transplantation.Which of the following antigenic similarity is very mandatory?
a)Minor blood group factor
b)ABO antigen
c)MHC II
d)MHC I
e)collagen
d)MHC I
___________________
FORUM RULES-- Those who believe in telekinesis, raise my hand. I get enough exercise just by pushing my luck --P4U World.." The pure and simple truth is rarely pure and never simple."
|
| new_n_lost
Politically InCorrect
Topics: 653
Posts: 6,086
| | 03/24/07 - 04:16 PM
| #1162 |
2. Transplant rejection may involve
A) cell-mediated immunity.
B) type III (immune complex) hypersensitivity.
C) complement-dependent cytotoxicity.
D) the release of IFN-g.
E) All of the statements are correct
E. All are correct. The important process in the rejection of an allotransplant is cell- mediated immunity. Here, T cells, which recognize the alloantigens, become activated; the T cells release cytokines, one of which is IFN-g, which recruits and activates phagocytic cells that, together with cytotoxic T cells, destroy the graft. However, the reaction to the allotransplant may also involve antibodies (IgM and IgG), which can cause damage to tissue via activation of complement and the recruitment of polymorphonuclear cells to the site of the reaction. The polymorphonuclear cells would damage the graft by the release of their lysosomal enzymes.
___________________
FORUM RULES-- Those who believe in telekinesis, raise my hand. I get enough exercise just by pushing my luck --P4U World.." The pure and simple truth is rarely pure and never simple."
|
| new_n_lost
Politically InCorrect
Topics: 653
Posts: 6,086
| | 03/24/07 - 04:18 PM
| #1163 |
3. A 2-year-old child has had three episodes of pneumonia and two episodes of otitis media. All the infections were demonstrated to be pneumococcal. Which of the following disorders is most likely to be the cause?
A) An isolated transient T-cell deficiency
B) A combined T- and B-cell deficiency
C) A B-cell deficiency
D) Transient anemia
E) The child has AIDS.
C. The cause for the described case history is very likely due to B-cell deficiency, which is characterized by recurrent bacterial infections leading to otitis media and pneumonia.
Answer A T-cell deficiency would usually result in viral, fungal, and protozoal infections.
The same is true for Answer B combined T- and B-cell deficiency.
Answer D (transient anemia) is irrelevant in this case��" anemia is not generally associated with increased infections.
It is unlikely that with a history of only pneumococcal infections the child would have AIDS. The latter syndrome is associated more with characteristic infections such as with Pneumocystis carinii and various viral infections.
___________________
FORUM RULES-- Those who believe in telekinesis, raise my hand. I get enough exercise just by pushing my luck --P4U World.." The pure and simple truth is rarely pure and never simple."
|
| new_n_lost
Politically InCorrect
Topics: 653
Posts: 6,086
| | 03/24/07 - 04:18 PM
| #1164 |
4. A healthy woman gave birth to a baby. The newborn infant was found to be HIV-seropositive. This finding is most likely the result of
A) The virus being transferred across the placenta to the baby.
B) The baby is making anti-HIV antibodies.
C) The baby's erythrocyte antigens cross-reacting with the virus.
D) The mother's erythrocyte antigens cross-reacting with the virus.
E) Maternal HIV-specific IgG being transferred across the placenta to the baby.
E. The most likely explanation is that the "healthy" mother has been infected with HIV-1 and is making anti-HIV IgG, which is transferred to the fetus and newborn trans-placentally. While it is possible that the HIV was transferred to the infant across the placenta, this would not cause the newborn to make antibodies to the virus at this young age��" thus answers A and B are incorrect. Answers C and D are false because this unlikely situation would result in the recognition of the viral antigen as ``self'' and the individual would not make anti-self antibodies.
___________________
FORUM RULES-- Those who believe in telekinesis, raise my hand. I get enough exercise just by pushing my luck --P4U World.." The pure and simple truth is rarely pure and never simple."
|
| new_n_lost
Politically InCorrect
Topics: 653
Posts: 6,086
| | 03/24/07 - 04:19 PM
| #1165 |
5. A 50-year-old worker at an atomic plant who previously had a sample of his own bone marrow cryopreserved was accidentally exposed to a minimal lethal dose of radiation. He was subsequently transplanted with his own bone marrow. This individual can expect
A) to have recurrent bacterial infections.
B) to have serious fungal infections due to deficiency in cell-mediated immunity.
C) to make antibody responses to thymus-independent antigens only.
D) All of the above.
E) None of the above.
E The autologous bone marrow cells, which contain stem cells, will replicate, differentiate, and repopulate the hematopoietic-reticuloendothelial system, rendering the individual immunologically normal. As such, the individual is not expected to have bacterial, viral, or fungal infections or to respond to antigens differently from a normal individual.
___________________
FORUM RULES-- Those who believe in telekinesis, raise my hand. I get enough exercise just by pushing my luck --P4U World.." The pure and simple truth is rarely pure and never simple."
|
| new_n_lost
Politically InCorrect
Topics: 653
Posts: 6,086
| | 03/24/07 - 04:20 PM
| #1166 |
6. Which of the following statements regarding GVH disease is incorrect?
A) GVH can result from MHC differences between donor and recipient.
B) GVH requires immunocompetent donor cells.
C) GVH may result from infusion of blood products that contain viable lymphocytes into an immunologically incompetent recipient.
D) GVH requires natural killer cells.
E) GVH may occur in an immunosuppressed individual
D. The GVH disease is caused by the destruction of cells or tissue of an immuno-incompetent recipient by immunocompetent lymphoid cells transferred from a histo-incompatible donor. The GVH reaction does not require natural killer cells.
___________________
FORUM RULES-- Those who believe in telekinesis, raise my hand. I get enough exercise just by pushing my luck --P4U World.." The pure and simple truth is rarely pure and never simple."
|
| new_n_lost
Politically InCorrect
Topics: 653
Posts: 6,086
| | 03/24/07 - 04:21 PM
| #1167 |
7. Which of the following immune deficiency disorders is associated exclusively with an abnormality of the humoral immune response?
A) X-linked agammaglobulinemia (Bruton's agammaglobulinemia)
B) DiGeorge syndrome
C) Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
D) chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis
E) ataxia telangiectasia
A. The only immune deficiency disorder that is associated with an abnormality exclusively of the humoral response is Bruton's agammaglobulinemia or X-linked agammaglobulinemia.
DiGeorge syndrome results from thymic aplasia, where there is a deficiency in T cells that may influence the IgG responses, which require helper T cells.
Wiskott��"Aldrich syndrome is associated with several abnormalities.
Ataxia telangiectasia is a disease with defects in both cellular and humoral immune responses although T-cell-dependent areas of lymphoid tissues are most severely affected.
Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis is a poorly defined collection of syndromes associated with a selective defect in the functioning of T cells.
___________________
FORUM RULES-- Those who believe in telekinesis, raise my hand. I get enough exercise just by pushing my luck --P4U World.." The pure and simple truth is rarely pure and never simple."
|
| new_n_lost
Politically InCorrect
Topics: 653
Posts: 6,086
| | 03/24/07 - 04:22 PM
| #1168 |
8. An 8-month-old baby has a history of repeated gram-positive bacterial infections. The most probable cause for this condition is that
A) the mother did not confer sufficient immunity on the baby in utero.
B) the baby suffers from erythroblastosis fetalis (hemolytic disease of the newborn).
C) the baby has a defect in the alternative complement pathway.
D) the baby is allergic to the mother's milk.
E) None of the above
E None of the above is likely to be the underlying cause for the history. The baby is probably hypogammaglobulinemic. Hypogammaglobulinemia leads to recurrent bacterial infections. Viral and fungal infections are controlled by cell-mediated immunity, which is normal in hypogammaglobulinemic individuals.
Answer A is incorrect because the mother's IgG, which passed through the placenta, would have a half-life of 23 days, and would therefore not be expected to remain in the baby's circulation for 8 months. At this age any Ig present in the baby's circulation is synthesized by the baby.
Answer B is irrelevant, since Erythroblastosis fetalis is caused by the destruction of the newborn's Rh+ erythrocytes by the Rh- mother's antibodies to Rh antigen.
Answer C is unlikely since the classical complement pathway would still be protective; moreover, a defect in the alternative pathway would not result in the selective inability to protect from only gram-positive bacterial infections.
Answer D is incorrect since, even if allergic to the mother's milk, the baby should not suffer from increased frequency of bacterial infections.
___________________
FORUM RULES-- Those who believe in telekinesis, raise my hand. I get enough exercise just by pushing my luck --P4U World.." The pure and simple truth is rarely pure and never simple."
|
| new_n_lost
Politically InCorrect
Topics: 653
Posts: 6,086
| | 03/24/07 - 04:22 PM
| #1169 |
9. Patients with DiGeorge syndrome may fail to produce IgG in response to immunization with T-dependent antigens because
A) They have a decreased number of B cells that produce IgG.
B) They have increased numbers of suppressor T cells.
C) They have a decreased number of helper T cells.
D) They have abnormal antigen-presenting cells.
E) They cannot produce IgM during primary responses.
C Patients with DiGeorge syndrome have a decreased number of T cells— in particular, helper T cells, which are essential for the IgG response to T-dependent antigens. These patients have normally functioning B cells and are capable of responding to T-independent antigens, or with only IgM responses (primary responses) to T-dependent antigens.
___________________
FORUM RULES-- Those who believe in telekinesis, raise my hand. I get enough exercise just by pushing my luck --P4U World.." The pure and simple truth is rarely pure and never simple."
|
| new_n_lost
Politically InCorrect
Topics: 653
Posts: 6,086
| | 03/24/07 - 04:26 PM
| #1170 |
10. A 9-month-old baby was vaccinated against smallpox with attenuated smallpox virus. He developed a progressive necrotic lesion of the skin, muscles, and subcutaneous tissue at the site of inoculation. The vaccination reaction probably resulted from
A) B-lymphocyte deficiency.
B) reaction to the adjuvant.
C) complement deficiency.
D) T-cell deficiency.
E) B- and T-lymphocyte deficiency.
D T-cell deficiency would result in the absence of the crucial immunologic defenses against viral infection, that is, cell-mediated immunity. Cell-mediated immunity plays the major role in immunity to viral infections, much greater than the roles of antibody or complement. In fact, individuals with impaired T-cell-mediated immunity should not be vaccinated with live virus, which, even if attenuated, may cause a serious infection.
___________________
FORUM RULES-- Those who believe in telekinesis, raise my hand. I get enough exercise just by pushing my luck --P4U World.." The pure and simple truth is rarely pure and never simple."
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| meddoc2000
Forum Newbie
Topics: 2
Posts: 50
| | 03/27/07 - 10:41 AM
| #1171 |
hi everybody.....m looking for a serious study partner who can motivate me......m an old graduate,,,2000....so kinda feel outdated with knowledge.....dont know if i took the right decision or not?.....anyone......anywhere.....
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| new_n_lost
Politically InCorrect
Topics: 653
Posts: 6,086
| | 03/27/07 - 10:57 AM
| #1172 |
Hey Buddy U r only 2000 Grad Trust me u r not that OLD !!!!!!!! Join th eOther Thread n Start Posting Regularly n then eventually u will find an entire Grp ppl rather than one single person as a partner.
___________________
FORUM RULES-- Those who believe in telekinesis, raise my hand. I get enough exercise just by pushing my luck --P4U World.." The pure and simple truth is rarely pure and never simple."
|
| mytime
Kick my butt!
Topics: 39
Posts: 3,173
| | 04/02/07 - 08:49 AM
| #1173 |
HEY guys.........have we forgotten this one, huh?! 
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| ShweHope99.9998
Forum Fanatic
Topics: 12
Posts: 2,579
| | 04/10/07 - 12:17 AM
| #1174 |
NnL said more Q come up , any thing here soooooooooooooonnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn
Pleeeeeeeeeeeaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaassssssssssssssssssssssssss
Pl post Q here , it is regularly Q are here . Please do not let this good site for Q to go . Pl don't let go , too good to let go , pl 
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| new_n_lost
Politically InCorrect
Topics: 653
Posts: 6,086
| | 04/10/07 - 12:26 AM
| #1175 |
Mutations in which of the following genes when inherited in the germline are least likely to be associated with the development of breast cancer?
A. ATM gene
B. bcl-2 gene
C. BRCA 1 gene
D. BRCA 2 gene
E. p53 gene
Which of the following is most suggestive of a mitochondrial DNA defect as the cause of a genetic disease?
A.Autosomal pattern of transmission
B.Maternal pattern of transmission
C.The finding of a cardiomyopathy
D.A change in the mitochondrial DNA sequence
E.The presence of somatic mosiacism
Although type 2 diabetes is strongly inherited, the nature of the genetic defect remains unknown in most cases. In those cases where the responsible mutation has been identified, it most frequently involves the gene encoding which one of the following?
A) Insulin
B) Insulin Receptor
C) Glucose transporter
D) Glucokinase
E) Glycogen Synthetase
Which of the following most specifically describes the use of linkage analysis in the search for a disease specific gene in a family?
A.The correlation of a DNA polymorphism with a family specific mutation
B.The finding of an association of a DNA polymorphism with the clinical phenotype
C.The drawing of a pedigree & to find who is normal & who is affected
D.To access a large pedigree & be able to obtain DNA from most of the family members
E.The drawing of a pedigree & to exclude the potential of non-paternity
A 45 year old man has Duke’s C adenocarcinoma of the colon. There is a strong family history of colon cancer in the absence of polyps. What is the most likely genetic basis?
A. Mismatch repair genes
B. Ras
C. Deletion in colon cancer
D. P glycoprotein gene
E. APC gene
___________________
FORUM RULES-- Those who believe in telekinesis, raise my hand. I get enough exercise just by pushing my luck --P4U World.." The pure and simple truth is rarely pure and never simple."
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