[left]I found this after doing a google search...probably an explanation for the general public...maybe u can find it on a search in e-books u may haave access to...the spelling is CONGENITAL TALIPES EQUINO VARUS....though it is common among whites it is uncommon in the U.S.[/left] [left]The causes of clubfoot are:[/left] [left]1) Congenital : due to unknown but suspected factors[/left] - [left]a) Genetic factors[/left] [left]b) Environmental factors[/left]
[left]The most common is Congenital Talipes Equino Varus (CTEV) forming 90% of cases of clubfoot. Congenital Talipes Calcano Valgus (CTCV) is a positional deformity indicating that the fetus was under some form of compression. It usually resolves spontaneously or with gentle manipulation. The main importance is not to miss an associated Congenital Dysplasia or Dislocation of the Hip.[/left] [left]1) Acquired (secondary to): [/left] [left]a) Disease of the nervous system:[/left] - [left]i) Spina bifida[/left] [left]ii) Cerebral palsy<[/left] [left]iii) Poliomyelitis[/left] [left]iv) Friedrich’s ataxia[/left]
[left]b) Muscle disease:[/left] [left]Arthrogryposis Multiplex congenita: (hooked joints) presents with multiple deformities and stiffness of joints of the upper or lower limbs. The cause is unknown but two elements are blamed, neurological 80% or muscular maledevelopments.[/left] [left]c) Lymphatic stasis: and congenital constriction bands[/left] [left]d) Absent bones as absent fibula causing lack of support laterally.[/left] [left] [/left] Congenital Talipes Equino Varus (CTEV) [left]Equinovarus deformity of the foot is by far the commonest congenital abnormality of the foot. Its incidence is around 1 per 1000 births.[/left] [left]Etiology[/left] [left]Studies have indicated a mixed genetic and environmental causation.[/left] [left]1) Genetic factors:[/left] - [left]There is no clear gene or chromosomal defect detected with this disease. [/left] [left]Circumstantial evidence shows that it is implicated, but many questions are yet to be answered. [/left] [left]It is important to know how do discuss this with the family when they have an affected baby in the absence of congenital evidence. [/left]
[left] [/left] [left]2) Environmental factors:[/left] [left]Various factors are known to lead to deformation in the intrauterine life of the fetus:[/left] - [left]1) Mechanical Trauma: as compression, it is the commonest culprit in this deformity.[/left] [left]2) Hormonal factors[/left] [left]3) Nutritional factors[/left] [left]4) Chemical factors[/left] [left]5) Infections[/left] [left]6) Radiation[/left] [left]7) Others [/left]
[left]On the same lines as we have studied in Congenital Dislocation of the Hip let us see how do these factors work in CTEV:[/left] [left]1) Family history:[/left] [left]The incidence increases among relatives with reports varying between 5 to 50%. There is no clear factor so it is polygenic multifactorial as genetics and environment interplay.[/left] [left]2) Geographic distribution:[/left] [left]CTEV is prevalent in the white race and in certain areas of the world as in CDH. It is seen in the Mediterranean basin and is common in Saudi Arabia. Consanguinity may be a factor, but many questions need to be answered.[/left] [left]3) Sex ratio:[/left] [left]Males are more affected than females 3:1 with no explanation.[/left] [left]4) Side affected:[/left] [left]The presentation can be unilateral or bilateral 50% and in unilateral there is no predilection, not like CDH.[/left]
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| hgheith
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Thank you! I really appreciate your input, it helped alot 
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