noelle
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SINCE MYCOBACTERIA IS KILLED WITH CMI SO BCG BRINGS TCELLS TO BLADDER WHICH KILL THE CANCER CELLS COZ AS WE KNOW CMI IS HELPFUL TO KILL CANCER CELLS N MYCOBACTERIA.
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only strong survive......
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| mikyro
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 Role of the immune response in BCG for bladder cancer.
Ratliff TL.
Department of Urology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis.
Intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) has been shown in prospective, randomized clinical trials to be the treatment of choice for superficial bladder cancer. In this treatment regimen, viable bacteria are introduced into the bladder, provoking an infection which induces the immunological response that initiates antitumour activity. The role of T-lymphocytes and the T-lymphocyte subsets, helper T cells (Th) and cytotoxic T-cells (Tc) in the antitumour response has been evaluated. Depletion of total T, Th or Tc subsets in mice eliminated BCG-mediated antitumour activity. Delayed type hypersensitivity was abrogated only in Th-depleted mice, but the presence of Th-mediated delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) was not sufficient for expression of BCG-mediated antitumour activity. There was no evidence for the induction of protective immunity to the tumour after BCG therapy. These results show that T-lymphocytes are required for BCG-mediated antitumour activity and suggest that the antitumour activity mediated by BCG is of a nonspecific immunological type. No specific tumour cell immunity was detected.
Treatment of bladder carcinomas
Superficial TCC
Requires transurethral resection and regular cystoscopic follow-up
Consider prophylactic chemotherapy if risk factor for recurrence or invasion (e.g. high grade)
Consider immunotherapy
BCG = attenuated strain of Mycobacterium bovis
Reduces risk of recurrence and progression
50-70% response rate recorded
Occasionally associated with development of systemic mycobacterial infection
These three articles in the medical journal are amongst the first to be published on BCG and bladder cancer. The data and methodology etc can be found in the full length articles. The journals should be available in any decent medical library.
8) Author Silverstein MJ. DeKernion J. Morton DL
Title Malignant melanoma metastatic to the bladder. Regression following intratumor injection of BCG vaccine
Source JAMA. 229(6):688, 1974 Aug. 5
8) Author Schellhammer PF. Kaplan MH. Pinsky CM. Whitmore WF Jr.
Title Study of local and systemic effects of intravesical BCG
Source Urology. 6(5):562-7, 1975 Nov.
Abstract Defects in cell-mediated immunity have been implicated as one of the underlying causes for the appearance and progression of neoplasms. One approach toward correcting these defects employs immune potentiators for the purpose of stimulating cell-mediated immunity. BCG is the immune potentiator which has been used most frequently in the experimental and clinical situation. A preliminary study directed toward ascertaining the local histologic changes and systemic serum response to BCG injection in the dog bladder was undertaken in anticipation of its possible application in the treatment of bladder neoplasm. Local response was predictable and was associated with low morbidity. The appearance of serum precipitin bands to culture filtrates of Mycobacteria tuberculosis strains strongly suggests systemic absorption and reaction to BCG administered intravesically.
8) Author Morales A. Eidinger D. Bruce AW.
Title Intracavitary Bacillus Calmette-Guerin in the treatment of superficial bladder tumors.
Source Journal of Urology. 116(2):180-3, 1976 Aug.
Abstract Patients with recurrent superficial bladder tumors have been treated by vesical and intradermal administration of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin. The pattern of recurrence in 9 patients has been altered favorably. Although the findings are still preliminary they appear to hold promise of a new therapeutic approach to the treatment of a group of neoplasms for which effective therapy is still lacking.
IN THE END, I DON'T THINK THAT THE BCG VACCINE IS SO EFFECTIVE. MY OPINION. BUT IT'S WORTH BEING TRIED .
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the same miky - always ready to help my patients and friends as well
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